The Japanese automobile market was monopolized by Ford Japan and GM Japan when Kiichiro Toyoda, having decided to manufacture Japanese motor vehicles, began research on compact engines in 1930. Organizing a mass production system is the first essential step in the process of establishing an auto industry. Although Kiichiro decided to mass-produce cars for which demand was highest - which meant competing with Ford and GM - he developed the first Toyoda car borrowing from the strong points of GM and Ford products, an approach forced on him by conditions in Japan at the time and the availability of replacement parts. The generally low level of Japanese industry at that time meant that it was a difficult task to even obtain good-quality steel suited for mass production of automobiles. Hence, at the same time that he constructed a prototype plant, he also built a materials testing center and a steel mill. He and his design personnel analyzed materials for use in parts by making sketches of the parts used in the Ford and GM vehicles, leading to the A-type engine prototype being completed in 1934, and the Model Al passenger car and Model G1 truck prototypes being finished in 1935.